African American History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

African American autobiography - Essay ExampleThe following study text will evaluate Kings stackiness office in the Civil Rights Movement with regards to his unique and effective strategies applied in acquiring overwhelming advantage against white supremacy.Born in January 1929 as Michael Luther King, King grew up in religious environment and two his father and grandfather were pastors at the Ebenezer Baptist perform in Atlanta. In 1948, he earned a B.A. at the Morehouse College and proceeded to the Crozer Theological Seminary in 1951. In 1955, he earned a doctorate from the Boston University where he withal happened to meet his wife Coretta Scott. after his graduation from Boston University, he began his pastoral role as at the Montgomery Avenue Baptist Church. This is where his journey into world history began. Rosa Sparks, a young black adult female refused to give up her seat for a white person to sit in a bus and this had sparked controversy all over the United States ar ound 1955. By chance, Kings Montgomery Church was chosen as the brush venue to host one of the meetings to discuss the matter, and King happened to be there1. The meeting acted to recruit King into his call of advocating for the end to racial distinction in the United States.Rosa Sparks was impel into jail and King could not stomach the sense that she had been jailed for failing to give her seat to a white person. Following this, he planned his first public demonstration. In the same year, he mobilized the full(a) Montgomery mainly African American community to boycott the citys transport service. He demanded equal rights for all. After an unending one year of boycott, a court ruling in Browder V. Gayle put an end to the discrimination on the public bus service and everyone was free to board the buses. This did not end, but sparked a advanced struggle aimed at eradicating racism all over the United States2. Martin Luther King Jr. was

Real Options Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Real Options - Essay ExampleUse of standard techniques to evaluate factual optionsTraditionally the use of standard techniques was predominant though lacked merit in its application. The techniques included use discounted cash flows and meshing present value analysis. Here, future expected cash flows are treated as the present value of the empirical probability measure that reflects the risk of the project under a discounted rate. Cash flows that is expected are highly valued in this approach than any other flexible issue that alters the strategy to commercialize goal realizations. The net present value approach presents management as being passive to their working capital investment. Most analysts account for this real option problem by adjusting the discount rates. However, real options valuation looks at management as being active and they revolve interests with varying market trends. Real options usually confer into action the best contingency plan. Management has a duty to fight any negative occurrences by lowering the possibilities of exposure and limit the firms benefits from uncertainties in the market.The contingent characteristic of profits to be realized in the future of a business, in real options models is exhibited by applying financial option techniques. using the risk-neutral measure approach comprises the reduction of the probability distribution for the risk being accounted for. Real options valuation accounts for uncertainties in the future of definite parameters that define the value of the business.

Investment Portfolio Implementation & Management Essay

Investment Portfolio Implementation & counsel - Essay ExampleThe following aspects have been considered before formulating the appropriate asset allocation strategy for the investorAn investiture portfolio consists of a number of asset classes which have diverse levels of standard deviations, returns and yields. The assets that are to be included deep down an asset allocation model depend largely on the kind of return being pass judgment by the investor and the risk that the individual is willing to bear (Market Watch, 2013). Therefore before preparing the asset allocation model, the starting time thing that needs to be identified over here is the latest investment benchmark figures of the different asset classes.Considering the above mentioned investment benchmarks, 8% of Dr. OHaras investment should be made back in full termediate bonds as the investor wants to invest $30,000 in an asset that is considered safe and is associated with no expense, sales or earlier withdrawal charges. This will enable Dr. OHara that a guaranteed return is realized at the end of maturity date thereby enabling the individual to pay for travel expenses without any inconvenience.Now, considering the fact that Dr. OHara wants to earmark $60,000 in an account with higher than current certificate of deposit or money market rates tho minimal market volatility, 17% of the total investment sum should be invested in short term bonds. They have a standard deviation value of 0.68% indicates that this asset is less volatile. Therefore, keeping $60,000 earmarked for an investment in short term bonds will enable the investor to enjoy a return close to 0.71%, 1.23% and 2.74% respectively in bonds with 1 year, 5 years and 10 years maturity.The remaining 75% of the investment fund should be distributed appropriately between large cap stocks, small cap stocks, mid cap stocks and international stocks. 27% of the investment fund should be invested

Artists transform what were originally oral and literary stories into Essay

Artists transform what were originally verbal and literary stories into images - Essay Exampleexample is that to consumers who were viable to be being swindled by different financial institution, the act required that they were to be given assent counseling before being asked to sign any document (American Law Institute-American Bar Association Committee on keep Professional Education., 2005).This prevents against such(prenominal) occurrences handle surrendering homes because one is not capable to pay up his or her mortgage. The Act has created awareness and as such foolish decisions which were taken by the consumers in the past like loan problems and challenges in meeting credit card payments have been properly addresses as everything is now understand to consumers in a clearer language than it use to be in the past. The Act exists to ensure that there is a debt reaffirmation agreements between the debtor and creditor, limits the quick temper stripping and tightens the discha rge rules on claims thus making the Act effective in the both the schooling and well being of both parties involved.American Law Institute-American Bar Association Committee on Continuing Professional Education. (2005). Bankruptcy Abuse Prevention and Consumer Protection Act of 2005 ALI-ABA course of study materials. Philadelphia, Pa American Law Institute-American Bar Association Committee on Continuing Professional

Implementation of Basel II in Europe Thesis Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Implementation of Basel II in Europe - Thesis ExampleThe basic aim of this onward motion is to ensure that the relys and monetary institutions essential maintain financial soundness and retain the consumer confidence in set to ensure the stability of the financial system and protect the interests of the deposit holders. With these perspectives in mind, Bank of International declaration formed a Basel commission on Banking Supervision in 1974 to provide a comprehensive forum for dealing with banking matters of such magnitude. The Basel Committee is made up of senior officials responsible for banking supervision or financial stability issues in central banks and other authorities in charge of the prudential supervision of banking businesses. Members of the Basel Committee come from Belgium, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, the UK and the US.This essay will discuss the experienceation process of Basel II in Europe similarly discussing some of the challenges and aspects that may raise tensions while implementing the accord in Europe. However, before exploring the issue of the implementation of the BASEL II accord, we will be discussing some of the key issues and points raised by BASEL II in order to implement it in true spirit.Before discussing the BASEL II and its implementation in Europe, it is necessary that a view must be taken in order to provide a historical account of the process of BASEL II implementation in Europe and rest of the world.Bank of international Settlements was established in Basel, Switzerland in 1930 and is considered as the worlds oldest international financial institution. It remains the principal center of international central bank corporations around the world. The BIS was formed as a result of the treaty of Versailles which ended the First World contend and BIS was basically established for repatriation

America in Transition 1801-1848 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

America in Transition 1801-1848 - Assignment ExamplePresident Jackson asserted that removing the Indians was necessary in order for them to honor their culture, which could not be possible if they mixed up with the Americans. He announced that the two major tribes of the Indian community had already agreed with the terms for their removal, and supported this by saying that this was a good workout to the rest, who would soon follow the same path as they seek mistakable compensation (Lewis 2001). The building of the Erie distribution channel illustrated the confluence of a vision. It took 15 years to be completed beginning from 1817 to 1832. It was viewed by many as the dream of Washington, who is believed to have a great understanding of the significance of transport and communication in nation-building. However, he did not live to see the completion of the canalize (Bernstein 2005). It created a significant landing point for the sea vessels at New York City. The river barges we re utilise for transportation of the cargo from these vessels to far places such as Chicago. The canal facilitated the harvest-tide of the New York City which became a major port in the United States. With time, Chicago also followed similar developments as in New York City. The population of the two cities rose as the two cities became the largest of all the cities in America. Construction of the canal received public support, notably from particular public officials who according to (Bernstein 2005) included lot such as Morris, who represented the first Continental Congress. Bernstein further notes that the public was excited regarding the canal as they saw it as a major step towards achieving prospects of acquiring the capability of transporting commodities which included saltiness and others such as gypsum to far places through it. This was not possible before the construction of the canal. There used to be no trading activities between merchants from the East and the West.

Bioenergy Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Bioenergy - Term Paper ExampleWhen forests ar managed sustainably, their biodiversity, vitality, productivity, and capacity to regene station both at indue and in the future is conserved. As a result, the forests maintain their capacity to perform social, economic, ecologic functions without interfering with otherwise ecosystems negatively at the local, national and global levels. There are several challenges to sustainable use of forest-derived bioenergy sources including the land-use passage of arms and land availability in many areas (Oko Institut 10). When selective logging is done at a rate that is sustainable, the forest is bound to be conserved. By adopting Reduced Impact Logging (RIL) practices such as establishing relent zones along watersheds and streams, applying modern technologies to mitigate effects of log extraction and careful planning of the forest to foresee forest encroachment by humans, the productivity of the forest will be sustained according to CBD (Oko I nstitut, 8). yet as forest resources are harvested, the way they are used determines the how much sustainable the resources will last. woods products can be recycled to reduce the rate at which forests are harvested. Furthermore, when agro-forest bi-products and residues such as leaves, husks, shells, and straw are used in producing energy, the rate at which felling of trees is done can be greatly reduced. Developing countries set about a lot of forest resources compared to develop countries according to Tomaselli (V). In this respect, the capacity of developing nations to produce heights amounts of bioenergy compared to developed countries. However, with respect to sustainability, the developing countries have a long way to go. This is so considering that the policies instituted by their governments with an stupefy of making sustainable development are never well implemented. Furthermore, the technologies that they commonly use in the mathematical product and application of the energies are less efficient. In overall, both developed and underdeveloped countries have a ample capacity to increase their parcel of forest bioenergy production, the former having the need to capitalize on the technological vantage that they have. 2. Realizing the potential a. Compare and contrast developed and less developed countries with respect to the potential for increasing the share of energy supplied by forest resources. Both developed and developing countries to some extent depend on forest resources to provide energy used in industries and for domestic purposes. However, forest resources can easily pound depleted when used in a manner that is unsustainable whether in developed or underdeveloped countries. plant derived bio-energy in most places is used in the form of fuel wood or charcoal. In developed countries, using biofuels including those from forests has often been considered old fashioned, its share in the national economy grossly declining until the perio d succeed the oil crisis that hit the world in the 1970s. However, production of this kind of energy has been on the steady near following growing concerns related to climate change, and the development of new biomass technologies among other factors. Following several studies conducted on the potential of bioenergy on a global scale taking into consideration population, yield and agricultural factors, it has been realized Africa and

Write a report on the article Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

drop a line a report on the article - Essay ExampleTo provide a context for the character reference described in the article, there has been an exponential growth in the number of e-learning programs offered by universities around the world. Hence, it becomes imperative mood to erect suitable measures to prevent these clays from going down. There is a need to ensure that e-learning systems that are the key of many of the courses offered by these universities are robust and can withstand the onslaught of cyber warriors who delight in hacking into these systems and livery them down.The case described in the article is about how the e-learning system that went down was a result of paltry maintenance and inadequate measures taken by the administrators responsible for maintaining the system. As the authors point out, there were several lapses in the way in which the system was maintained and run by the IT department of KU. Some of them include, not victorious backups regularly, im proper use of the C drive and no structured effort to maintain user accounts and efface them after the students have left the university.These and other errors led to the system crashing and threatening the conduct of the e-learning course in the university. What is galling is the fact that there was a lackadaisical approach to the whole issue of maintaining the system from failure. This is something that the attention of KU ought to take seriously and ensure that such haphazard methods of maintaining the system are avoided. This case holds lots of lessons for the system administrators of all kinds of IT systems and in particular, those of the e-learning modules that are very popular in the education sector.The fact that downtime in a system threatens the conduct of the entire course and leaves the fate of the students in the balance should be a wakeup adjure to all those who are in-charge of maintaining the system. The article is an important

Hubble space telescope Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Hubble space scope - Research Paper Examplethis brief analysis will consider the initial need and appetite for such an instrument, development of the telescope, launch and operation use, breakthroughs in astrophysics and astronomy that start out since been able to be reveal by inwardness of the Hubble Space Telescope, and future outlook for the Hubble as well as other mean space telescopes.Although certainly not the first astronomer to note the need for a space establish telescope, Hermann Olberth formerly iterated his desire to see such a visualize put into implementation as earliest as 1923. The ultimate reason behind such a bold and technologically challenging plan was the need to get beyond earths inner atmosphere as a agency to reduce the level of light and environmental pollutants and/or dust that so strongly influenced the quality of astronomical work that could be performed with traditional earth based telescopes. Recognizing these limitations, astronomers such as Hu bble began to lobby funding entities for the means to design and build a non-earth based telescope (ODell 265). Unfortunately however, as is often the chance with scientific visionaries, the work of actually building the space telescope was not completed until long after Olberth and many others instrumental in the formulation and development of such an idea were dead.After years of delays, a near continual struggle for available resources and review and oversight by nearly every imaginable entity, the Hubble Space telescope was finally launched in 1990. It should be noted that regardless of the delays or the budgetary overruns and issues that have herein been discussed, the Hubble Space Telescope represented the very cutting edge of optical technology so much so that it has continued to be relevant over 20 years after macrocosm in service. This is a seemingly impossible feat of engineering and design due to the fact that the computing device revolution, the age of the internet, fiber optics, and a litany of other technology breakthroughs have occurred

Henry and his Wives Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

henry and his Wives - Essay ExampleThis volume intends to present the conditions and the confines in which enthalpys wives and other women lived in detail as presented by the author.The author has shown Henry as a very notorious lawsuit where he marries six wives. This distinct Henry in the records of history where he is seen to achieve almost anything by dint of his destructive influence and index. At first, Henry Marries Catherine of Aragon, however, their marriage is ended by an infant remnant and a sensational political revolt. His second wife also meets and unfortunate end, where by charges that were most likely bogus she is executed. Jane Seymour the third wife who bore Henry a son died in childbirth. Soon after the death of Jane Henry remarried a German woman who came to be a disappointment later as concord to Henry was not as beautiful as he had hoped. Consequently, they divorced after six months. Henrys fifth wife was Katherine Howard unfortunately, just like his firs t wife she was set for execution with cunning means.Finally, the author concludes the story by the live events of the last wife of Henry, Katherine Parr who was well mannered and served her preserve with great respect and devotion until his death. The author at this point reflects the life of the women of this time and the place they were unplowed by the society. He further brings out a variety of themes such as egoism and others through the life and deeds of the king. Henry serves the role of the medieval society and how influential individuals and people in power positions related with

Case Study - The Integumentary System Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Case Study - The Integumentary System - Essay work come forwardNext comes the dermis, which is considered the true hide (Willis, 2010). Unlike the epidermis, the dermis is made up of numerous blood vessels and fonts. The nerve endings found in this layer particularly the Meissner corpuscles sense touch, the Ruffini corpuscles sense pressure and the Pasinian corpuscles senses both pressure and frisson (Prater, 2009). Last but not the least comes the subcutaneous layer or subdermis which attaches the uncase to the muscles. These particular fell layers are composed of loose connective tissues and adipose fat. The loose connective tissue links the dermis and the subcutaneous layers, while the adipose fat act as a reservoir for energy cede (Willis, 2010). The glands Sebaceous (oil glands) and Subdoriferous (sweat glands) are located in the dermis and subcutaneous layers of the fight. The sebaceous glands secrete sebum to keep skin and hair lubricated while the sweat glands or t he subdoriferous glands keeps the body from getting too impetuous and brings out small portions of waste by sweating (Willis, 2010). As people grow old, the entire integumentary geological formation normally changes and losses efficiency making the elderly more prone to acquiring skin problems that they did not experienced before. Skin deterioration is determined by the following factors 1) heredity (genes), 2) diets, and 3) personal habits (like smoking/drinking). The drying of the skin is a normal occurrence in the elderly because the oil glands do not produce sebum as well as when the individual was younger. Dry skin usually lead to itching, flaking and sagging (Maji, 2010) making senior peoples skin break advantageously. Regular and prolonged exposure to the sun dries up the skin, and unitedly with the ultraviolet rays that penetrate deep into the skin layers, irreversibly damages the collagen and elastin fibers thus creating loose sagging skin and wrinkles (Mayo Clinic St aff, 2010). In relation to the case study, since Florence Lee engaged in prior activities like surfing and lawn bowls, the suns warmth and UV rays accelerated the breakdown of the collage and elastin fibers which keeps her skin intact. Additionally, the oil glands ceased to produce sufficient lubrication to keep her skin elastic making her skin excessively dry and sensitive so when she scratches an itch the skin easily cracks and bleeds (Mayo Clinic Staff, 2010). Florence also has the habit of smoking. Smoking irreversibly hastens the body to age prematurely and permanently damages the collagen and elastin fibers resulting to formation of early wrinkles (Barrymore, 2011). This in addition to her previous activities contributed greatly to her current dry skin condition. Florence cannot tolerate hot weather or warm temperatures primarily because her skin became much thinner as she aged (LSUAgCenter.com, 2010). She cannot hold up hot climates or temperatures because it either causes stir up rashes that are itchy and painful or because she may be suffering from hyperthermia. Hyperthermia is a term that comprises a mixture of heat associated illnesses like heat fatigue, heat stress, heat exhaustion, heat cramps and dizziness (heat syncope) (LSUAgCenter.com, 2010). Hand washing is the most basic way of eliminating germs and bacteria that can cause infection. Florence must wash her hands after toileting to remove the germs she acquired

Do the requirements of IFRS 8 Operating Segments enhance the quality Essay

Do the requirements of IFRS 8 Operating Segments enhance the quality of information available to financial statement users - Essay sampleThe other purpose of such statements is to assist the stakeholders in finis making, regarding how to invest in the future, as these statements ar a presumed to be a true reflection of the market value of the business arranging as a whole.Financial statement users (stakeholders) have variant interests and concerns regarding the financial statements of an government. At this juncture, though, it is worth mentioning that financial statements are make up of statements of financial position, statements of comprehensive income, directors statements and statements of cash flows (Melta & Ankarath, 2010, pp. 200-413). The information provided in these statements work to serve different stakeholders in different ways. For example, the government is majorly interest in finding out the gross profit of an organization from a trading period, for the purpo ses of taxation. Shareholders on the other hand are interested due to what they expect from the organization in form of dividends. The other important financial statement users are potential investors, who are interested in knowing the true (market) value of any given business organization before deciding to invest their money in the same. These financial statements, for most of the organization especially public entities, are made public so as to enable the general public in addition to the stakeholders to have a look at the same.As much as this information is commonly provided by the management, there has been a general feeling among stakeholders and business experts alike, that the information provided is always not sufficient to assist in decision making. According to many, the information provided is normally shallow, and contain approximations and assumptions that the financial statement users are not aware of. This usually leads to poor decision making that is influenced by an error of judgment, if not

INTERCULTURAL Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

INTERCULTURAL - Essay Exampleon the positive altitude of her friends and parents, where they did not allow the intimidation of the courtly rights movement to inflict fear on their children, rice was trained to remain positive in every(prenominal) aspect of live (The right scoop, 2010). During her interview with Kate Couric, sift sounds positive concerning their hard task of facing their both enemies that threatened their national security. She accepts the fact that both Iraq and North Korea were dangerous in their own way only she assured her that they were going to deal with both of them separately (Schneider, 2010).The parents to Condoleezza tried their best to protect their little gallon from the areas that would bring her face to face with discrimination, but though she was young, she was so much responsive to the civil rights campaign and the concerns that pertained to Birmingham. She is also seen to be actively involved in settling the disputes that existed between U.S a nd North Korea together with Iran. As witnessed in her childhood experiences, it is clear that Rice was an intelligent child, where her intelligence is also exhibited in the manner she handles the peril concerns brought about by North Korea and Iran. She believes in negotiations between rivalry communities, and dialogue with your own enemies (Schneider, 2010). After organism asked by Kate on whether her government has ever taken the initiative to conduct negotiations with their enemies, she says that, they have made an movement to engage North Korea in the framework of six party talks.Having grew in a terrorism atmosphere, Rice in her interview with Kate is seen to revolve around the aspect of maintaining peace with his rivalry communities, where she is even going to the consummation of involving the neighbouring communities to assist the US in convincing the North Korea and Iran to abandon their intentions of embarking on using weapons of mass ending (The right scoop, 2010). Ha ving seen what rivalry could bring during her early days of

Essay Questions For My Midterm Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Questions For My Midterm - Essay Examplethe staff should keep in mind let in integrating current structures while working on new structures to improve service delivery (project focus and program management slide 10). The growth and effective service delivery volition depend majorly on the effectiveness of the IRM staff. The team should practically lay strategies that reflect the plans objective. The applicability of their knowledge towards the political science plan will depend on existing structure and will focus on logistics.The two rules in the CPIC process will include information security, which will entail delivery and evaluation of the form without experiencing external forces interference. The second rule will be on schema performance the organisation will undergo scrutiny and evaluate its viability in an aim of ensuring quick and effective service delivery. The musical arrangement should ensure compliance with the OMB requirement. The plan will contain three phases th e first phase will have-to doe with selection criteria to choose. The CIO will do the system selection where a cost benefit analysis will be done. The security and reliability of the system will be done prior to its applicability to the political science class. The design will be adjusted top meet the proposed standards. After a time-tested system is chosen, the system undergoes the second phrase, which is control, the IRM team will ensure that there exist limits in which the system will operate, the period placed for the CPIC will be adhered to and the team will enable the IT initiatives are executed. The closing phase will be the evaluation phase, the system will be evaluated according to its outcome and the couch performance will be compared to the amount of resources pumped into the system. The period given will determine if the system is below par of is working according to plan.Departments requesting for ongoing projects or new projects will have to antecedent their reque st to the financial manager who is under the CIO and attach the proposal

Genetic modified food in the U.S. (GMO) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Genetic special food in the U.S. (GMO) - Essay ExampleThe scientific methods used be critical and needs to be researched widely to elucidate the controversy of the GMO and their effects on human beings.Most GMOs take less age than usual to grow. This has been considered as an abnormal situation that can lead to several health complications to consumers. One of the controversies is cogitate to the idea or allegations that GMOs have fertility complications on the users (Food and Nutrition Board 5). This is evidenced by many studies that were conducted on different animals that turned out to be positive on infertility. Immune problem has in amplification been associated with consuming of GMOs. It is argued that continued consumption of the GMO causes or leads to lowered immune system in the body.In addition there have been allegations that continued consumption of GM foods causes aging factors that make individuals to age at a faster knock offe than the normal rate. Some doctors have conducted some tests on GM foods and advice people to nullify GM foods because they have numerous health consequences to the body.Studies have documented that most susceptive group of the population are the children (Food and Nutrition Board 5). In fact, some doctors have argued that in some extreme case, children act as essayal animals for GM foods because of their weak immune systems. One of the notable experiments that confirmed problems with GM foods on children gnarled rats that were injected with GM soy on female rats. Within a span of three weeks, most of the rat babies were dead. The control group that involved rats that were fed with natural soy recorded a 10% stopping point rate. Babies that survived to the maturity had problems getting pregnant. In this regard, it is argued that the use GM foods by human beings would be similar to the experiment that was on rats.In addition, when male rats were fed with GM soy, their testicles changed color form normal pink to deplorable blue and alteration of sperm. The DNA composition of the

Capacity Planning and Performance Modeling Essay - 1

Capacity Planning and Performance Modeling - Essay ExampleVarious capacity planning or performance measurement software are distributed in the internet. One of this software is the Schedule It, which has been depict as the ultimate software for use in the room, people, or resource planning strategies. The software displace be applied in the planning and scheduling of any task, which requires detailed filtering or reporting. The software cannister withal be used in the scheduling of reporting, cost analysis of each instance and also as an expense tracker. The software sends automatic emails and reminders and keep everyone informed if there are any changes in schedule. The software can run on different platforms including Windows 98, Windows Me, Windows NT, Windows 2000, and Windows XP.Many organizations will have systems that collect reading that is related to capacity as well as systems that are employed to solve problems and implement both the capacity and performance function ality. Nevertheless, many organizations will fail to perform a routine check up on the trending and what if analysis. The what if analysis is one of the processes that may be applied to determine the effect of having a internet change. Capacity and performance management helps to create an exception management where potential and existing problems can be identified and rectified before the customers or users call in pointing out the

The Guardian Building, Detroit, Michigan Research Paper

The Guardian Building, Detroit, Michigan - Research Paper ExampleDetroit is attribute with the best paintings and the best painters worry Graham Beal, Julie Mehretu and Jane Hammond. In Detroit, the Detroit Institute of Arts also has a wide collection of paintings which hail from whole corners of the world consequently making Detroit an art attraction city. It is reported that Detroit owns more than 100 art galleries which instance the talent and creativity of the people of Detroit (Uhr, 4). Painting being is one of the major aspects of art that has been vividly put-upon by the people of Detroit. Due to this, this paper will explain the recent and old art of Detroit with a main focus on paintings around its metropolitan area. Paintings in Detroit The Detroit area hosts a wide stray of paintings safely kept in galleries, museums, schools and famous buildings with some of the oldest and famous painters credited for the beautiful prevails. One of the oldest painters in Detroit was Diego Rivera who painted twenty seven wall paintings. His paintings featured the traditional Mexican culture which resembles the indigenous Indian culture (Scripps, 54). It is evident that art was used to express the heritage and culture of a people. Moreover, Diego Riveras work also included wall paintings or murals of the Ford company at the start of making of the give the sack propelled engine (Scripps, 147). He painted workers at the industry working with big machinery inside the Ford Company making the engines. This was a great monument which until today holds the memory of the beginning of the petrol engine designing. On the walls, Rivera painted murals with varied expressions from the cultural traditions of the Mexican people to the industrialism if the American nation (Scripps, 97). They were considered his greatest success which show the industrial and technological revolutions that were taking place around the nineteenth century. It is also evident that painting as art also stores the memories and events that were take place at a certain time In addition, doubting Thomas Cole in 1845 and 1847 painted one of the most extraordinary pieces of the view of lakes and peaks at sunset (Richardson, 57). This was a great painting which attracted attention from the greatest collectors in Detroit. It was finally stored in the Schwartz Galleries among other paintings done by Thomas Cole. In his paintings, Thomas Cole expressed nature at different views clearly exploring the respective(a) natural attractions of Detroit. This explains that art is also used in the expression of certain natural phenomena. This led to change magnitude tourist visitations and further enhancing the art of the Detroit people (Downs, Rivera & Kahlo, 57). Other inspiring and talented painters have also hailed from Detroit. Particularly, Patricia pile Burnett (Siler) a lady who was born in Brooklyn moved to Detroit with her mother and started professional portrait painting (Beal, 21) . She is credited with some famous paintings including the painting of the Philippines President Corazon Aquino in her presidential palace in Manila, the portraits of Margaret Thatcher, Max Fisher, Jackie Joyner Kersee and Indira Gandhi. some other artist who was very talented is Shelden Iden, who is credited with beautiful works of himself, and the inspiring paintings of the great Indian caves utilize the light rays that were streaming through the cave openings. Robert Wilbert, another painter based in

Property Equity and trust Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

retention Equity and trust - Essay ExampleMost civilizations are moving away from the government-sponsored tenure systems. This transplant means that the government initiatives to provide the legally binding seat rights fail to meet the needs of the locals. This subject discusses the factors that contribute to the changes in legal topographic point ownership and the implications of such changes on the socio-economic and legal systems.For the purpose of this paper, a billet is defined as either immobile, fixed assets or mobile assets that flowerpot be determine in economic terms and that which provides a sense of wealth to the owner. Property rights define the control that accompaniment individuals in the society have over assets, the profits gained from the assets and the residual rights over such billet. An ideal property right must be secure and easily defensible within the court system. The security the individuals secure from property rights is subject to the stability and predictability of such rights. However, there are various informal constraints to legal property ownership such as gender definitions and assignments. These informal limitations inevitably affect legal access to the property since they are not flexible or responsive to formal changes (Engels 112). It is evident that the socio-cultural ways are not bound to change completely at once despite the economic pressures from formal sectors such as gender equity and affirmative action to improve the property access rights of the females. The formal laws are indisposed(p) to the informal property rights resulting in instability of such formal rights. Due to the instability, individuals have opted to a privatized property ownership, which offers comparatively stable property ownership rights.Taking the example of the land ownership in Africa, it can be determined that the imposition of formal private property rights by the government is sometimes action

Leadership Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Leadership - Research Paper archetypeart U.S., should work with OUR Wal-Mart to improve jobs at our company so that we have an opportunity to join the midsection class, strengthen our companys bottom line and improve our nations economy (Ausick, 2014, check bit 2). This paper discusses Wal-Marts problem in ethical leadership, and proposes and defends solution to this dilemma. The proposed solutions are ethically grounded and based on principles of social justice and quality of life.OUR Wal-Mart publicly specified three issues that the former Wal-Mart leader, Bill Simon, failed to address weaken brand image, dropping sales, and low wages. The organization refers to a research by Demos-- a public constitution research institute-- that reported a higher wage rate for full-time workers of retail corporations that hire thousands of employees could significantly improve the quality of life of hundreds of thousands of women and their families (Tepel, 2014). The worsening performance o f Wal-Mart U.S. has also been observed by some superior groups, and they claimed that Simons use of smaller stores was not the appropriate solution. The organization also mentions a survey of consumers that reveals Wal-Marts pay and treatment of workers are influencing shopping habits (Reuters, 2014, para 2). The poll revealed that a quarter of the overall image of the companys most loyal customers is disappointed by how Wal-Mart handles its employees, and that they, consequently, avoid shopping at the stores (Reuters, 2014, para 2-3).Although Wal-Marts terrible business practices have been known for several years, workers were not inclined to protest against it further OUR Wal-Mart changes it. Since these courageous employees are not unionized, they were risking their jobs by protesting. In 2012, Wal-Mart publicly announced $444 billion in profits. Robson Walton, the switch of Wal-Mart, received roughly $420 million in 2011, while the companys employees receive a ungenerous ann ual salary of $15,500

UPS Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

UPS - gaffe Study ExampleThe last part of the paper lead sum up the main points discussed and recommendations will be given with regards to the measures that can be taken in order to effectively deal with the difficultys discussed. definition of the memorial tablet and problem identification United Parcel Service was founded in 1907 in USA and it specifically dealt with delivering an assortment of parcels and goods sent done its office to different clients. It started from humble beginnings where all packages were delivered by foot, street roll as well as street car. However, the dribbleowship re-engineered itself to become a state-of-the-art delivery go when it introduced its first delivery car, a Model T Ford in 1913. The organization witnessed positive developments and went through different stages until 1980 which saw the passage of the passage of Motor C beer Act which deregulated the whole trucking constancy. The organization even introduced air services as it sought to diversify its activities to counter competition which was intensifying as a result of the deregulating exercise of this industry. However, increased competition as a result of deregulation compelled the organization to allocate large amounts of capital to modernize its data processing department. The deregulation of the freight industry also posed immense challenges to UPS given that the emerging entrants utilized low cost services such(prenominal) as the Federal Express Corporation. As such, it has been observed that data processing operated with vile equipment and the service provided was poor given that it fell beyond the competition that existed in technical and programming capabilities. Up until 1981, the department of data faced unprecedented challenges of technologically more advanced competition from Federal Express and RPS. It was realized that in order for UPS to remain the dominant carrier package delivery service, it had to join the competitors in the age of read y reckoner technology. Whilst UPS had the most extensive ground network, it had apparently been left in core areas such as technological innovations which included scanning, radio-dispatched pickups, package tracking, and data-acquisition devices. Despite the mission which was meant to to provide management with the information it needs to meet the companys goals in a responsive manner and at a reasonable cost, the company fell short of achieving this goal given that it had limited numbers of employees with the requisite skills to execute the information requirements of the company. The main problem facing UPS is that it has to implement changes in order to meet the marketing and technological challenges that have been compounded by the deregulation exercise in this industry. It is facing a dilemma particularly in making decisions to pack or recruit talent from within the company or hire experienced people in information systems from outside. The problem with locating talent within the company is that most of the employees have experience in hub and package centers and have less experience in the new dispensation of information and communication technology. On the different hand, the problem related to hiring people from outside is related to re-orienting them to fit in the culture of the organization, training them, coordinated their expectations and helping them grow to meet the expectations of the organization. Stakeholder analysis The main players in this particular case are the employees who are responsible for executing all the tasks within the organization. Any change to the

Case Study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Case Study - Essay ExampleThe society reviewed its its operations in the 2006 when SABMiller had just completed a three-year turnaround plan, establishing a platform for future growth. From that idea it can be noted that in North America the company had made progress as it had continued to grow while giving better prices to the customers than its competitors in that market. SABMiller had heavily invested in that market which enabled it succeeds in price cutting without passing on the costs. It had a three year investment strategy which has enabled to proceed strong despite tough conditions. From the foregoing, it can be deduced that SABMillers strategy in the North American market is heavy investment which in turn enables it lower prices hence driving out competitors (Hal, 2002). In relation to Europe SABs strategy was to increase its share and to expand its capacity. This was to be achieved through origination of new brands and new packaging methods. This strategy has enabled it to increase its share, volume and expand its capacity in versatile European markets. SABs strategy in intimately of the countries has been to acquire an initial local stronghold theater to enable it advance into other markets which it had not penetrated before. It has achieved this by acquiring other brewing businesses in most cases to focus on brand portfolio which gives it a better market position, increases sales and to enjoy economies of scale in production and distribution. It seems that SABMiller has shifted its focus to developing countries having already established a substantial presence in the create countries. It realised that its ability to succeed in developing countries has proved to be of advantage. This was noted in the companys report of 2006. This strategy has to an increase in consumption of soft drinks by consumers in southeasterly Africa which in turn has led to increased sales ( Donald , 2008). To meet the demands of changing consumption patterns, SAB ha s introduced new sales and distribution systems and enhanced the flexibility of its production facilities. It has licensed more agents has brought more outlets into the mainstream. This means they can instanter operate more professionally and it can deliver to them direct - which in turn raises the performance of the business. The stakeholders inquire that SABs businesses in Africa will continue to grow being helped by broader distribution and a clearer division of SABs brands. The stakeholders also see plenty of opportunity to keep improving efficiency in these comparatively underdeveloped countries and see the outlook for Africa as a whole to be encouraging. Possible strategic options reach to SAB First of all, SAB can penetrate the market with its rate of flow products. This can be through heavy advertizing or using any other strategy enable existing and potential customers get intimacy of its existing products. With this option, SAB needs to come up with a strategy to enab le it increase sales to its current customers by convincing them without change of its original products. SAB can also gain competitors customers by improving the caliber of its beer compared to that of its competitors. Since it is cheaper to retain current customers than acquire new ones, hence in this option SAB needs to improve its kind with its current custo

Annotated Bibliography Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 6

Annotated Bibliography ExampleTo this end, the generator contends that legal sanctions that have been described have not been deterent enough to lucre offenders from it. unconnected Rooy (2004) who sees civil liability as the best offence to dishonor of checks, Muntingh prefers a criminal liability.Rooy (2004) has been a practicing international banker for several years. He also doubles as a criminologist. In writing this word therefore, he reviewed some of the international approaches that have been put in place to reduce various crimes associated with monetary fraud. In the opinion of the author, a major discovery came for international trade when documentary credits were introduced. Unlike Muntingh (2007), Rooy sees the civil liability that has been associated with various forms of trade frauds including the dishonor of checks as highly suitable for the prescribed offences.The author has been a practicing security expert for several years and have had several approved articl es published in international journals including the present one. In the current article, the author embraces the documentary credit as a breakthrough for ensuring security with international payment. The reason is that it limits the rate at which traders would have to carry physical cash in the transaction of trade. But in order that the advantages of documentary credit be enjoyed to the maximum, the author, unlike Rooy (2004) assets that there should be the introduction of criminal liabilities all across regions that see checks as Bills of Exchange.Muntingh, J. A. (2007). The Fraud Exception in the place setting of Documentary Credits A Comparative Study of the Remedies in Various Jurisdictions. LL.M dissertation, Journal de Stellenbosch University, ProQuest, 4 (3), 43 -

Cold War Politics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Cold struggle Politics - Essay ExampleCalling war a savage human behavior the general reiterates the importance of establishing an effective security policy a term that obviously cannot be used interchangeably with a war policy. It should be noted that a security policy does not inevitably act as a cause of war. In situation, war is decided by the quality of interaction between nations and their eagerness to reach an agreement. (p. 209) General Marshall makes allusions to the World War II to elaborate upon this horizon however, the most interesting point remains that he describes the institution of war from the perspective of Germany and lacquer just now the very nations that constituted the opposing positioning of the Second World War. He states that war is the doctrine of Japan and Germany the people, who he believes have given a lot of thought to this. Though, his speech was meant to shed light on the lessons that the United States learned as a result of the Second World W ar, however, comically enough the first of all half of the speech sounds more or less like an attack on the central powers the side that not only suffered a humiliating defeat in the great war but were also heavily penalized. Though, the penalty is nothing compared to the number of lives that were lost but stigmatizing an entire nation does nothing to economic aid either. General Marshall seeks to get approval to shape their military strategy and security policy as a mode of protecting America and its citizens from aggressive nations such as Germany and Japan. He makes several statements that not only implicate Japan and Germany as the sole perpetrators of war but also portrays America as a helpless nation. This aspect of Marshalls speech depicts that the history of war is in fact framed by its victors that largely portray themselves as the innocent party.

Entering in to a Credit Agreement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

immersion in to a Credit Agreement - Essay ExampleRest of the amount is paid in sm for each one(prenominal) monthly installments. In his scheme of thing, the good sold belongs to the shop until and unless complete money i.e. prevail installment is non paid to the shop. This was used to be called Hire Purchase harmonys but is now called an initiation Sales Agreement.Before entering an pledge for a deferred paymentment, a person must be full aw be of terms and conditions of the credit. There are certain requirements that need to be complied with while entering an agreement to protect consumers interest. The Consumer Credit Act 1974 and subsequent amendments lay down certain well defined requirements for a consumers protection. If these requirements are not met the agreements will be considered as not enforceable without a court order. versatile Consumer Credit Acts provide number of rights to the consumers to settle the agreement at any time by grownup notice in writing and paying off the amounts owed under the Agreement.A person entering consumer credit or consumer hire agreement should carefully go through the agreement forms and content of document attendant the agreement. Section 60(1) of CCA requires a credit agreement document to aware debtor or hirer clearly about followingConsumer credit or consumer hire agreement document in the confirming form, containing all the prescribed terms of the agreement and conforming to regulations under section 60(1), is not signed in the prescribed manner by the debtor or hirer and by or on behalf of the creditor or possessorThe document does not include all the terms of the agreement, another(prenominal) than implied termsThe document is, when pre directed or sent to the debtor or hirer for signature, in such a state that all its terms are readily legible. Contents of a Credit AgreementAccording to Credit Agreement Act, debtor or buyer and hirer or seller both arties must sign a written agreement including all terms and conditions. A credit agreement document must include following dilateNames and addresses of both the buyer and sellerA complete and clear description of the goodsThe cash price and the other charges (finance charges, insurance and so on) that make up the total price the buyer must payThe deposit that must be paid. No credit agreement is legal until the deposit is paid.The amount of each installment, including the last installment, and the day of the week or month by which it must be paid.All other terms and riders like who will the owner of goods until all the installments or full cost of the good is paid, at what conditions the purchaser can make prepayments or what will be the result if full installments are not paid.Terms and conditions if a seller has sold defective goods or it break down without any blame from purchaser side.Canceling an AgreementThere are cases when a

Cas a Constant Struggle Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Cas a Constant Struggle - Essay modelingHowever, aside from simply universe able to give each person the capability of doing things that they ought to complete as individual beings in the community, self-direction has also paved way to a wider and more diverse rescript that is populated by individually aspired population who urgencys to make a name of their own within the gild that they are living in.THE United States Bill of Rights has generated so much interest that in 50 years, several(prenominal) 700 books have been written about it-over 40 of them this year alone. Since 1991 is the 200th anniversary of the adoption of the Bill of Rights, citizenry were even more interested in this subject. Yet, a poll revealed that 59 percent of the American general do not know what the Bill of Rights is.When the Constitution of the United States was ratified in 1788, it allowed for amendments that would clarify positions not clearly defined in the Constitution. In 1791 the first ten am endments were added to the Constitution. These ten amendments had to do with liberty and became cognize as the Bill of Rights, for they guarantee to the people of the United States certain individual liberties.The word freedom in its broad sense as used in the Bible and in the field of government convey merely acting at will. Freedom is the state of being free liberty self-determination. The male monarch of acting, in the character of a moral personality, according to the dictates of the will, without other check, hindrance, or prohibition than much(prenominal) as may be imposed by just and necessary laws and the duties of social life. The word liberty, as generally used, is practically synonymous with the word freedom. Liberty is freedom exemption from extraneous control. The exponent of the will to follow the dictates of its unrestricted choice, and to direct the external acts of the individual without restraint, coercion, or control from other persons is the main(prenominal ) idea supported by the thoughts of applying liberty in the human society. The capability of human individuals to act upon what they call for and to react upon what they see the way that they want to is a clear depiction of the actual application of liberty today. According to some social psychologists, the want of being free and being able to do what they want is innate in humans. It is a major part of the human behavior that sets people apart from the being that animals follow. Everybody in the society wants to appear better than what is usually seen from others. The initial want for fame is an undeniable cause for such thinking. This is primarily the reason why the dream of having an equal society is most likely believed to have been hindered by the forces implied through the application of individual liberty. So as soon as the news spread that a constitution was in the making, freedom-loving people began a movement for a national bill of rights that would guarantee their libert ies and would distinguish Church from State. If the people were in such fear of a centralized national government, why would they reach it After the Declaration of Independence was signed in 1776, a new governmental system was needed. British rule in each colony came to an end. The states then adopted the

Edcaution Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Edcaution - Assignment ExampleSecondly, designers of norm-referenced tests should pick the discipline taught in the many schools, in the country. This is especially in the case of nationwide or district-wide examinations.Essay questions, true or false tests, matching questions, definition and open-ended questions ar examples of criterion-referenced tests. They measure a students level of competence based on a preset standard without comparing him or her with peers. The objectives of the row and the curriculum inform the setting of criterion-referenced tests. These tests are most helpful when they measure students ability in granted areas. There exists a need to ensure high validity and reliability of these tests. Firstly, designers of these tests should ensure that they pick the content matching the objectives of the course and the standards of the curriculum (Popham, 2008). A big cluster around the high end of the tearing down system shows many students met the standards. Sec ondly, the designers of these tests should suspend their biases. Bias-free tests are fair to all students regardless of gender, ethnic background, race and socio-economic status.High-stakes tests are another group of tests besides norm-referenced tests. The outcomes of these tests serve to make important decisions in peoples lives. A licensure examination is an example of a high-stakes test. This is because the results of the examination help decide the speculation of an examinee getting a permit to practice as a professional nurse (Kubiszyn & Borich, 2007). Because the results of high-stakes tests determine whether individuals get permits to do something or not, they need high reliability and validity. Speed tests measure the rate at which individuals can perform a given task. The test measures the speed of performance only and not the knowledge of individuals.There is a possibility of misusing

Visions in Conflict (Descriptions) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Visions in Conflict (Descriptions) - Essay ExampleFeaturing the works of Rudy Scholaert, Ervin Staub, Mark Van Vugt, Valarie Vat Kamatsiko, and William Clough, this tidy sum investigates the visions at the heart of the worlds conflicts. These studies investigate the good work being done in the field of conflict resolution and peace building around the world particularly in the arenas of realization and understanding of the other (including interfaith dialogue) and communication through conflict and forgiveness.Conflict, even of the life and death sort, is seemingly inevitable in this world. The source of much of this conflict is conveyed through religion in its tendency to indoctrinate its followers that they belong to specific epistemological and ontological categories. The real issue, therefore, is how to shift the methodology of conflict from a military standpoint to political, persuasive, and, maybe, economic standpoints that strive to find areas of cooperation and collusion rather than violence and coercion. The emphasis of these essays is in finding some of these points of collusion and potential cooperation in various geographical positions throughout the world.The presentation of these discussions is non intended to be the closing answer to the theological dilemmas and conflicts of our time, but is instead intended to open up a new dialogue. In the new global society of the modern age, we can either compensate to emphasize our differences in religious dogma, already proven to foster continuing conflict, or we can approach to seek out those areas in which we can agree and perhaps find new means of puzzle out our points of contention. Visions in Conflict Vol. 1 is intended to begin this discussion but, it is hoped, will not be the final word toward global understanding.The concept of the other is widely used and discussed in modern times give thanks to our ever-increasing association with global inhabitants. In its most

Symbolic Picture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Symbolic Picture - Essay workoutn this particular image, the photographer illustrates the desperate conditions of Darfur as well as the idea that it is possible to produce a difference.The black and white image depicts a black child in front of a wall made of irregular posts and straw. The child is caught in the act of splashing water over his stage and the water is seen streaming down the childs very skinny body and splashing in droplets in the foreground. To refer to the child as he is a simplification made for discussion calm down is not necessarily actual truth. The child depicted has very short, close-shaved hair on his head and no clothing to designate gender. The photograph provides just the hint of a belly button at the rat edge of the image, but no further indication is provided of gender or clothing. The child is wearing two strings of white beads, which could be an indication of female gender but could also be a sign of social status or wealth. The child also wears a infirmary-style bracelet which could indicate that he has access to care beyond that of the average child.There are a number of ways in which the image conveys the idea that the situation in Darfur is desperate. The background is stark, conveying a whiz of a ingenuous sand floor and poor building materials. The child is completely isolated in the image, with no sense that there is anyone else in the vicinity. This idea is reinforced by the closed eyes of the child directed downward. The closely eloquent statement in the image, though, is the extreme thinness of the child. Each individual rib can be counted, the arm joints are nearly skeletal in detail and the childs hands face too large for the rest of his frame.However, there are plenty of hints within the image that suggests there is still hope that things can be different. The child wears beads suggesting some form of wealth and a hospital bracelet suggesting there is some form of care underway to see to this particular chi lds overall well-being into

Pain management in pallative care Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

incommode management in pallative c be - Essay ExampleThe perception of disquiet and its threshold be the entrust of complex interactions between sensory, emotional and behavioural factors. Inflammation and aspect injury earth-closet reduce pain thresholds and increase sensitivity to sensory stimuli (Hudspith et al, 2005).Acute pain is frequently caused by tissue damage and issue inflammatory reactions causes local release of mediators such as prostagladines, histamine, bradykinin, substance P and noradrenaline (Williams and Asquith, 2000). In conditions where fervency of pain fibres become greater as the pain stimulus continues, hyperalgesia develops which is an extreme sensitivity to pain and in one form is caused by damaged to nociceptors in the bodies soft tissues ( Wikipedia, 2006).Pain receptor or nociceptors are naked ending of A and C nerve fibres through which the body is able to detect the proceedrence, location, enthusiasm and duration of noxious stimuli that sti mulates pain sensation (Dalgleish, 2000). Fast pain is meditated by A nerve fibres which are felt within a tenth of a second of the application of the pain stimulus which can be described as sharp and acute pain. Slow pain meditated by type C nerve fibres is an aching throbbing and burning pain (Wikipedia, 2006). The A fibres contain signals at approximately 10 m/s compared to the slower C fibres at 1-2 m/s. The peripheral nerves have a well defined anatomic path through the body to the central queasy system. The nerve fibres transmit their messages in the other nerve fibres in the dorsal horn, and much of the modulation of pain transmission occurs here. nerve which transfer the pain impulses passed through the spine to the thalamus. There are other tracts as well which carry pain sensation travelling up the spinal cord to other parts of the central nervous system (Munafo and Trim, 2000).Apart from pain pathways that ascend from the peripheries via the spinal agree to the brain , there are other nerve fibres that descend from the brain and affect the transmission and hence the sensation of the pain. This modulation of pain may occur anywhere but happens particularly in the early synapses in the dorsal horn of the spinal chord (Munafo and Trim, 2000). In order to understand the overall mechanism of pain, knowledge of ascending pathway and descending restrictive pathway is essential. Palliative care in literal terms is refers to the provision of active care for a person whose condition is not responsive to curative treatment. The World Health Organisation (WHO) has defined alleviatory care as the active total care of patients whose disease no longer responds to curative treatment. ascendency of pain, of other symptoms, and of psychological, social and spiritual problems is paramount. The goal of palliative care is achievement of best possible persona of life for patient and their families (Lugton and Kindlen, 2002). A number of complementary therapies ar e employed on an average a third of cancer patients use alternative and complementary medicine during their illness (Ernest and Cassileth, 1998).Constipation and associated and associated problems affects approximately 50% of patients admitted to Hospices in the U.K. There is growing interest in the role that abdominal message play in relieving constipation. A recent research paper explains how a safe non-invasive easily learnt technique of

Unemployment in the UK Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 3

Un trade in the UK - hear ExampleIn this regard, the objectives of this essay are four-fold, to wit (1) to present a clear definition of unemployment (2) to assure and determine how it is measured (3) to identify the different types seasonal, frictional, cyclical, structural, among others (4) to state and clearly explain the nature of economic, social be of unemployment and cost to the individual and (5) to determine the ways to solve unemployment.(c)seeking work, i.e. had taken specialized steps in a specified reference period to seek paid employment or self-employment. The specific steps may include registration at a public or private employment exchange application to employers checking at worksites, farms, factory gates, market or other assembly places placing or respond newspaper advertisements seeking assistance of friends or relatives looking for land, building, machinery or equipment to establish own enterprise position for financial resources applying for permits and licences, etc. (ILO, 2009).As indicated, the basic criteria for being classified as unemployed are citizenry without work, currently available for work, and seeking work in the last 4 weeks and are available to come forth work in the next 2 weeks or out of work, have found a air and are waiting to start it in the next 2 weeks (ONS, 2009, 4).Unemployment is measured by the ONS through survey, the parturiency Force Survey (LFS). According to ONS (2009), their office conducts the LFS every three months using 53,000 households as samples. The survey focuses on questions inquiring about personal circumstances and activities in the labour market. Then, the unemployment rate is computed first on a residence basis by determining the proportion of economically active who are unemployed (ILO, 2009, 7).The frictional unemployment has been defined as the amount of

Hackers Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Hackers - Research physical composition ExampleThis research paper discusses the philosophy of justification of the terminus through its means. It highlights some of the fair plays that provide for the hacking cultivate and explains their provisions on this process. The paper identifies the ethical aspect of hacking, whether the fellowship considers it an ethical procedure or not. It besides discusses the respective(a) perceptions people develop from various situations and how they handle them. It also explains how the bon ton perceives hackers. It identifies the motivations hackers have when breaking into a computer system and relates their behavior to that of thieves in the society. It also describes the various defenses hackers use in order to vindicate their acts, such as claiming that information ought to be free. Finally, it discusses the negative impact of students hacking institutional systems in the name of acquiring cost-effective education. The hacking process in t he society is a dangerous drill that the government should get free of. This is be pillow slip there are malicious hackers who break into an organizations system in order to cause damage (Paul, p26). The crackers access, retrieve and interfere with a companys data without any consent. The U.S has laws that foreclose hacking, for example, the 18 U.S.C 1029, which prohibits any unauthorized access of secured systems. It however justifies the people who have the right cause of hacking, those whose pattern is not of committing fraud. The 18 U.S.C 1030 prohibits any unauthorized access to the government systems. This law justifies authorized access plainly does not provide for people who have a moral intent (Legal Information Institute). There are however situations that whitethorn lead one to access systems without authorization in order to acquire of the essence(p) data without committing fraud, for example in the literature work, The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo (Larsson), Lisbe th broke some laws in order to retrieve information that would bring justice, which gave her credit for the unlawful act. The society however has ethics that separate the right from the wrong. If the government made a law that justified the means through its end, there would be increased criminal levels in the society. Instances of theft would increase, as people would claim that they were carrying out the unlawful activity in order to feed his or her hungry family. The society, in all situations, should therefore justify the end through the means (Paul, p27). Although people have different perceptions of a situation, they tend to justify various acts that may have used the same means differently (Levy, p36). For example, if the government chose to eliminate theft by kill thieves in public, the society would consider this as an immoral act. Even if the act would lower the theft cases, it would fury on the rights to life for any person irrespective of the acts. In this case, the m eans would justify the end. For the computer hackers, the society disregards the method through which they acquired information. The citizens regard them as intelligent people who safeguard the interest of the society. This is irrespective the law that provides for security in the computer systems of a company. This makes one law more important than the other and therefore, the society should formulate a uniform procedure of judging situations (Paul, p28). The society holds that the hackers develop the right public opinion towards various issues in the society hence the geniuses can never base their perceptions and thoughts on the wrong facts and imagination (Levy, p38). However, not all perceptions that the hackers hold is always true. They may develop wrong judgment, which may lead to injustice in the world. In the movie Minority Report, the hackers access information that aids an agency in preventing the occurrence of a crime (Spielberg). If the society embraces this concept, th e State would sentence many innocent people to prison. This is because the jury would pass judgment based on the thoughts the

Program Capstone Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Program Capstone - Essay ExampleAn adult care crime syndicate is an actual foot business that just happens to be closely regulated by the state in which it is located. A person cannot simply take a care-dependent individual into his or her house and then hold the house an adult care home. Only a licence from the state will legally earn a house an adult care home and a business license will give it a legitimate business. Before a license is considered the house as well as the owner/ actor and any employees will be inspected by the state in which the house is located. The house whitethorn own to be remodeled to meet state requirements such as a private room for individually client as well as the resident manager and the substitute caregiver. Every room in the house will have to have a smoke alarm that meets the Fire Marshalls standards, and at least one fire extinguisher will have to be on every floor of the building (State of North Carolina, 2010). After the house is inspecte d the owner/ floozy and the employees will come low scrutiny. ... In some states, the type of license that is given depends on the fosterage and experience of the owner/operator and the employees. A class I license is granted when the owner/operator and resident manager have completed and passed the basic training course and examination. An owner/operator will be granted a class II license when he/she and the resident manager have completed and passed the basic training course and provided proof of two geezerhood upright-time experience in providing direct care to an senior(a) or physically disabled person. To get a class III license the owner/operator and employees must complete and pass the basic training course and provide proof of three years full-time experience providing direct care to the elderly or physically disabled persons who required full assistance with four or more activities of daily living (ADLs) (State of Oregon, 2010). There are no barriers to become an adul t care home operator outside of the licensing process. If an individual can acquire the funds and the license then he or she can operate an adult care home. Adult care home operators range from the wage earner who, for most of his or her adult life, has worked hard for someone else and now finally has a stake of his/her own, to the savvy business owner and college graduate. Such diversity of people makes for various managing styles and different choices of business entities. The owners who have one home usually operate his/her home personally as a sole proprietorship. Owners of more than one home usually incorporate and under that umbrella operate his/her homes. usually it is the owners of more than one adult care home who hiresResident

Kidulthood Essay Example for Free

Kidulthood EssayKidulthood is a realist drama set in watt London, make in 2006. It translates classify with teen growrs and sex. Stand By Me is a film astir(predicate) four newfang guide teens going on a adventure to suffer a dead body. This film was made in 1986 but was based in 1959. The four boys lice in a small township in America. The early days and gender representation of kidulthood is that, it represents girls as being sex toys and that they need the opposite sex. A character which shows this is Becky (Alisas go almost friend). She eternally sells her body to men so that she after part get stuff which shows that women are born to do these stuff.For instance in the film she gives an older man a blowjob for drugs. This evidence also shows that she is a sex toy for men. In conclusion Becky represents her gender as being lower than men because of her actions. surface-to-air missile is the main antagonists in the film. He is represented as someone who everyone fe ars inside school and he always goes for someone who is less dominant. He represents his juvenility by showing that teenagers being a bad citizen around there area and populate are not safe around them.My evidence is that he led to two murders in the film, one was Katie because of his demeanour towards her which led her to suicide and at the end of the film he hits Trife in the belly with a baseball lam. He represents his gender as boys being stronger and dominant than girls because he threatened his young lady with a baseball bat and he pulled Alisas her towards the end of the film. Overall he represents his callowness and gender as boys nature is to be violent and have rough demeanour to girls and other people in his community.Jay is part of Trifes crew and he very much uses women in the film. Jay acts big during the film but is often described as someone who is all talk and no actions. This is shown in the film when he kisses Sams girlfriend and he tells her he is not scare d of Sam. But when Sam confronts him, he let him take his Gameboy. Jay represents his youth as teenagers have early sex with each other and this was shown when he tried to seduce Claire at Sams house. withal him and his crew pushed Sams mum on the floor which shows that most teenagers dont have respect for people.Also he represents his gender throughout the film by using women showing that boys can treat women however they deal without their opinion. In conclusion Jay represents his youth and gender by showing that teenagers have lack of respect and boys can do whatever they want with girls. Chris from Stand by me is from a family who are criminals and alcoholics and most people stereotype roughly him due to his background. He represents his youth as twelve years old boy who smokes and uses a gun, also he uses foul language most of the time throughout the film.My evidence is that in the initiation of the film him and teddy smoke in the tree house at a young age and he stole a gu n from his dad. Also he swore at one of the characters during the end of the film. In conclusion Chris represents his youth as young people always are a bad go and most youth are always doing these activities not matter what age they are. Maybe for the fact that Chris was bought up in a criminal family could suggest his actions outside which could infer that the representation of youth depends on their surroundings.Also the fact that in Stand By Me they are going on a adventure to find a dead body indicates that they are clueless to be very excited and interested in a dead body, it also shows their innocence for the fact that they live in a small town where nothing really happens. In the kidulthood posting we see Sam with a baseball bat and standing(a) up showing that he is one of the main villains of film because his position in the poster is more than apart from the other characters suggests that everybody is scared of him and the baseball bat shows it.But in Stand By Me the ai rscrew is the gun held by Gordie but it does not show danger because he is wearing a exhaust hood and a backpack that could indicate that this was used for self defence, rather than the baseball bat in the Kidulthood poster because Sam is wearing a hoodie and his facial expression shows he is proud to have this baseball bat in his hand or in other hand to show this prop was made to persecute people. The reason why we dont get a impression that the gun in Stand By Me was made to harm is that the quotes on top of the poster shows their childhood and what they do in life which is talking about sweets and life.But it could also represent that they act much younger than their age to be talking about is really childish. Furthermore there was no girls in the film Stand By Me which could highlight that the effeminate gender are much more responsible, mature and better gender than them because they would not get complicated in dangerous activities like the four boys got into to. Becky ho wever shows the total opposite of what Stand By Me infers, she represents her gender as male being the dominant sex because she used a man to get money.As you can notice in the Kidulthood poster that the characters have no emotions on their faces and the mid shot of the fancy shows more of the background which is dark to emphasise that London is not a place you would want to delay in whereas the Stand By Me background is more bright and one of the characters are smiling. The position of Trife and Alisa show a more of a husband and wife pose to indicate their role during the film.

Organizational Psychology Essay Example for Free

Organizational Psychology EssayAn employee of a certain company trustworthy for fueling company vehicles was scoren a realization card for the purpose of endureing bills after fueling the vehicles. One night after all the companys vehicles were all packed, the employee decided to fuel his friends cars and pay using the companys credit card. The employer had asked him why he acted unprofessionally but the employee found nothing wrong with using the credit card to pay bills that did not belong to the company. When the employer consulted other professionals more or less his employees case, he was advised to do a psychology adjudicate on his employee. In Kenote town, a policeman was reported to take over shot and killed seven people in a restaurant after he was insulted by a group of people in the restaurant, among them his friends. When the employer was questioned about his genial status and whether he had undergone any mental screen outing, the employer said that the poli ceman looked intelligent and had other essential qualifications, so there was no need for a psychological test.Organizations undergo various problems due to insufficiency of psychological testing as well as practicing it. In some cases, workers feel it is infringing their privacy. The management of an boldness should be very kin on the type of people they employ. Determining the peoples ability, intelligence or acquisition requires a standard procedure which is the tests procedures. Different organizations perform different duties or have different objectives thus will have some different specific beas of judgement.Psychological TestsThese atomic number 18 tests obtained from a prepared interchangeable procedure practice to assess the mental status of a person as compared to the normal mental status in order to pay back a persons intelligence and ability. This is mostly make through petition questions then assessing the responses. The importance of psychological tests is that they provide a means of measuring the abilities and characteristics of an individual (Armstrong, 2006). These tests are use upd by passenger vehicles to restrain the employee competence and morale and for reliable management training.Some professional ethics do not accept these kind of tests and view them as invasive to human rights magical spell some of them go against the labour party laws that protect employees from being used for experiments. When treating some of these tests, the employee acts as a laboratory animal since the tests are done on him (ODonohue and Ferguson 2003). There are five types of psychological tests. Intelligence psychological tests, personality psychological tests, aptitude psychological tests, ability psychological tests, and attainment psychological tests (Armstrong, 2006).Intelligence tests are use to determine the general thinking and reasoning of an individual and personality tests are used to predict the behavior of a person in the rol e that he/she will be given or is given at the time. The use of psychological tests A good psychological test is one with sensitivity, reliability, standardization and legality characteristics. When selecting a test to use, these characteristics should be considered, for the outcome of the assessment to be of quality (Armstrong, 2006). There are basic standards for psychological tests use which are based on a formal psychometric assessment.This formal psychometric assessment should have an administrative and scoring manual with the scoring characteristics and points, it should show evidence of being reliable, should be valid for the purpose to which it is being conducted and to the people it is being conducted on, and should have a reference group data (Toplis et al. , 2004). The use of psychological tests requires that the test protocols be used by only professionals, the psychologists or if one would like to use them, then he/she must be certified to have the capability of using the tests and then certain to do so (Toplis et al. 2004).This is based on the acquisition of the psychological tests. The tests are acquired on permission from the authors, double right holders and distributors. It is therefore unethical to copy write or photocopy the psychological tests standards be it the psychometric assessments or the psychometric questionnaires. On the psychological tests security, the storage should be done according to the administrative, scoring and variant requirements. Assessment too should be done according to the same procedure as storage.There are access and storage policies that protect the tests such as not interfering with the ethical purpose of testing, and policies on what range of errors are accepted in the scoring and interpretation of the tests, in order to maintain the cogency (Toplis et al. , 2004). The period to which a record should be kept is decided by a psychologist based on certain factors. The factors are such as the clients requests , acting professionally to abide by professional business and legislative factors.Psychological Tests Confidentiality and tests ResultsProfessional ethics indicate that it is the responsibility of a psychologist to inform the people being tested or the people to undergo a certain psychological test, of the terms and conditions regarding confidentiality of the testing situation. It is too their responsibility to control the access to the psychological test protocols. It is always the psychologist contracted by a jitney in most cases to conduct a test on an employee. The psychologist has all the responsibility to keep the results or release them based on the terms and conditions agreed upon by the employer (Toplis et al. 2004).In case of a governing body facility, the release of reports are according to legislative acts on information. Governments have different systems in different facilities so the information release will also depend on the type of facility and the system while considering the legislation on the freedom of information. The systems have different application procedures for release of information. Psychological testing and wear law. Labor law requires employers to adhere to good labor market practice rule.In psychological testing, there are no legislations that apply to the personality tests, though there are areas that the test can be considered invalid. An example of a case where a psychological test can be considered invalid is when it has exclusionary set up on women. This can be treated a sex discrimination case. Psychological testing is considered as a matter of employee privacy and there are rules to be followed before an employer or a manager decides on psychological testing on an employee (International Labor, 1993).According to the International Labor Office report (1993) the initial step is for an employer to negotiate with a local trade union on the psychological test the employer intends to conduct on his/her employees. The t rade union and the employer must come to an agreement, failure to which the trade union must give the reasons for refusal in writing and submit proposals of terminating negotiations within ten days. Fresh negotiations can only be done on the trade unions proposal and if no agreement is made then the employer cannot impose the psychological test until review by the national trade union (International Labor, 1993).Conclusion Employers/managers need psychological testing to determine the ability and the competency of those that they want to employ or those that they have employed. Some of the psychological tests are not accepted by the trade unions and are considered as infringing the privacy of the employee. The employers have to abide by the labor law requirements and trade union rules to make sure they are not in problems. The managers themselves cannot conduct the tests, they have to look for professionals in that field as that is what is ethically considered right. All these are d iscussed in this paper.

Analysis from InfoPlease Essay Example for Free

Analysis from InfoPlease EssayI am going to present to you through off this paper the history of the Iraq War and the many opposing views as to why the war should of never been, you provide find many quotes and facts. Analysis from InfoPlease The Second Persian disconnectedness War,. also known as the Iraq War, Mar. Apr. , 2003, was a largely U. S. -British invasion of Iraq. In many ways the final, delayed campaign of the First Persian Gulf War, it arose in part because the Iraqi government failed to cooperate fully with UN weapons inspections in the years following the offset printing conflict. (Infoplease) The election of George W. chaparral to the U. S. presidency returned to government many officials from his fathers administration who had favored removing Saddam Hussein from antecedent in the first war. After the Sept. 11, 2001, attacks on the World Trade Center and Pentagon, the United States moved toward a doctrine of first-strike, pre-emptive war to eliminate threa ts to national security.As early as Oct. , 2001, U. S. Defense Secretary Rumsfeld in public suggested that military action against Iraq was possible, and in November President Bush asked Rumsfeld to undertake a war-plan review. In Jan. , 2002, President Bush accused Iraq. along with North Korea and Iran, as being part of an axis of evil, and with the Taliban forced from power in Afghanistan in early 2002, the administrations attention turned to Iraq. (Infoplease)Accusing Iraq of failing to abide by the terms of the 1991 armistice (by developing and possessing weapons of battalion destruction and by refusing to cooperate with UN weapons inspections) and of sup porting terrorism, the president and other officials suggested that the war on terrorism might be expanded to include Iraq and became more forceful in their denunciations of Iraq for resisting UN arms inspections, called for government change in Iraq, and leaked news of 2 military planning for war.President Bush also call ed on the United Nations to act forcefully against Iraq or risk becoming irrelevant. As a result, Iraq announced in Sept. , 2002, that UN inspectors could return, scarce Iraqi slowness to agree on inspection terms and U. S. insistence on stricter conditions for Iraqi compliance stalled the inspectors return. (Infoplease) In October, Congress approved the use of force against Iraq, and in November the Security Council passed a closing offering Iraq a final opportunity to cooperate on arms inspections.A strict inspections timetable was established, and sprightly Iraqi compliance insisted on. Inspections resumed in late November. A December declaration by Iraq that it had no weapons of mass destruction was generally regarded as incomplete and uninformative, but by Jan. , 2003, UN inspectors had found no evidence of forbid weapons programs. However, they also indicated that Iraq was not actively cooperating with their efforts to determine if previously known or suspected weapons ha d been destroyed and weapons programs had been ended. contempt much external opposition, including increasingly rancorous objections from France, Germany, and Russia, the United States and Britain continued their military buildup in areas near Iraq, insistence that Iraq was hiding weapons of mass destruction. Turkey, which the allies hoped to use as a base for a northern attend in Iraq, refused to allow use of its territory, but most Anglo-American forces were in place in Kuwait and other locations by March.After failing to win the explicit UN Security Council approval desired by Britain (because Britons were otherwise largely opposed to war), President Bush issued an ultimatum to Iraqi president Hussein on Mar. 17, and two days later the war began with an airstrike against Hussein and the Iraqi leadership. Ground forces (almost exclusively Anglo-American and significantly smaller than the large international force assembled in the first war) began invading the following day, su rging primarily toward Baghdad, the southern oil fields, and port facilities a northern front was opened by Kurdish and airborne Anglo-American forces late in March. (Infoplease) 3 By mid-April, 2003, Husseins army and government had collapsed, he himself had disappeared, and the allies were largely in control of the major Iraqi cities. The allies gradually turned their attention to the rebuilding of Iraq and the establishment of a new Iraqi government, but progress toward that end was hampered by lawlessness, especially in Baghdad, where widespread looting initially had been tolerated by U. S. forces. (Infoplease) On May 1, President Bush declared victory in the war against Iraq.No weapons of mass destruction, however, were found, leading(p) to charges that U. S. and British leaders had exaggerated the Iraqi biological and chemical threat in order to unloose the war. Hussein was captured in Dec. , 2003. Subsequently, much of the intelligence used to justify the war was criticize d as faulty by U. S. and British investigative bodies, and the U. S. -led occupation forces struggled into 2005 with Islamic insurgencies that military and civilian planners had failed to foresee. (Infoplease)

Threat of Information Technology to Law Enforcement Essay Example for Free

Threat of randomness Technology to Law Enforcement Essay nurture technology backside be defined as both equipment or interconnected system or subsystem of equipment that is dod in the automatic acquisition, storage, manipulation, management, movement, control, display, switching, interchange, transmission, or reception of entropy or information. The term information technology includes computing eddys, ancillary equipment, softw atomic number 18, firmw atomic number 18 and similar procedures, serve (including support services), and cogitate resources. (Section 508 Definitions)In present days, the use of information technology has become a life blood for any organization. In this regard, the profit has greatly effect on the world of business proceeding, and the fast price declines of telecommunications bandwidth and cipher power are having a dramatic impact on the financial world. All banks and financial institutions suck connected their network by using IT and hence made it possible that user can visit and send payment from one place to another in no time. It becomes very easy to rent an online debit or acknowledgement display panel payment. Electronic commerce has been rapidly increasing not exactly in B2B business to business transactions but too in B2C business to consumer transactions.Simultaneously, the fast involution of electronic-commerce has brought about important changes in the territory of settlement, which is inevitably incidental to transactions. Paper-based payment by check, which is a usu totall(a)yy conventional order of settlement, has been used in fewer cases due to a altering connection in the midst of sales transactions and settlement with the development of IT and the expansion of lucre-based financial transactions. However, some new ideas consent emerged in terms of legal constitutions, legal theories, legal concepts, and concerning conventional settlement. Use of IT unable the development of procedures finan cial markets, and instruments that economic expert in the past could only theorize about. Financial transactions can be settled in real time although the contracting parties may be hundreds of miles apart.As technology has progressed, Electronic- coin is being introduced as the newest method of exchanging value. Obviously, the electronic exchange of money is by no means a new invention. Financial institutions and Banks record been using computers to deal with one another for quite some time. Alone in the United States, in terms of the volume of dollars exchanged, the computer-based Fed-telegram and Clearing House Inter-bank Payments System (or CHIPS) together account for 90 percent of all transactions. Besides, 90 percent of individual transactions are still made by check and cash. With the abundant advancement in information technology several payments and collections methods have been unquestionable and used successfully.The rise of the profits and the speed of financial tr ansactions aidd by computers have expanded money wash opportunities and activities in the last mentioned half of the 1990s. There are increasing numbers of Webs sites that solicit money for convert offshore, the rise of internet gambling and of virtual banking have made it possible to la low money without any infrastructure to aim out or regulate international banking operations. Instead, the rise of information technology and the growth of uncrackable encryption have provided the hap of clean money with greater facility and with almost perfect anonymity. All that is needed is a computer. (Shelley, n.p.)The rise of the new IT has helped an incredible communications revolution, also it has led to the growth of money laundering in some of the most remote areas in the world. Some important locations include Nauru, Vanuatu and the Marshall Islands by whose banks millions have been laundered in the last couple of decades. Facilitating the rise of virtual banking in offshore locat ions has been the resultingness of major banks to receive silver that have been routed through these locales. While well-written software could screen these transactions and prevent the absorption of these currency into mainstream banking centers, this has not carry onred. (Shelley, n.p.)What is specie affect clean? Electronic silver clean covers the ABCs of money laundering and its connection to medicate trafficking, terrorism and the global underground economy. It traces the relevant statutory history from the Bank Secrecy Act of 1970 in advance. (Farber, n.p.)How Money is LaunderedTypically, by moving it from one tell apart to another electronically or physically and obscuring its communication channel through complicated financial transactions. Financial Action Task Force (FATF), calculates of the amount of money laundered per annum worldwide from the illicit drug trade alone range amidst $US three hundred million and $US 500 billion.Usually money laundering h as three stages placement, where illicit cash is converted into monetary instruments or deposited into financial system accounts layering, where the funds are moved to other financial Institutions and integration, where these funds are used to acquire assets or fund further activities. The credit notification attention includes(1) Credit card associations (associations), such as VISA and MasterCard, which license their member banks to issue bankcards, or authorize merchants to accept those cards, or both(2) Issuing banks, which solicit potential customers and issue the credit cards acquiring banks, which process transactions for merchants that accept credit cards and(3) third-party processors, which contract with issuing or acquiring banks to provide transaction touch on and other credit cardrelated services for the banks.( Money wash Extent of Money Laundering through Credit Cards is Un cognise, pg, 1, 2) consort to Assistant Director James E. Finch, of the FBIs Cyber Division The advent of new electronic currency systems increases the risk that wickeds, and possibly terrorists, will exploit these systems to launder money and transfer funds globally to avoid right enforcement scrutiny and circumvent banking regulations and reporting. (Digital Currency Business E-Gold)Representatives of regulatory bodies, impartiality enforcement agencies and shimmer and credit card industries expressed mixed views concerning the vulnerability of Internet gambling to money laundering. According to law enforcement officials gambling on internet could be used as a primary occasion for laundering sad proceeds at the relatively obscure layering stage of money laundering.Moreover, officials admitted the lack of adjudicated cases involving money laundering via internet gambling sites but referred what they gestate to be leading factors, including the deficiency of any industry regulations or oversight. Regulatory gaming and banking officials did not consider internet ga mbling as being particularly susceptible to money laundering.Particularly, when credit cards, which make a transaction record and are subject to comparatively low transaction limits, are employed for payment. Similarly, officials of gaming industry and credit card did not believe Internet gambling posed any peculiar risks in terms of money laundering. According to gaming industry officials Internet gambling was any more or less vulnerable to money laundering than other types of E-commerce, in their view, the financial industry, which is primary responsible for the payments system, is suited to monitoring for doubtful activity in the area than the gaming industry itself-importance.Money Laundering MethodsElectronic Funds TransferAlso known as conducting telegraph transfer or telegraphic transfer, this method of money laundering consists of sending funds electronically from one nation to another in order to avoid the need to physically run the currency.Postal Money OrdersThe brib e of money orders for cash provides opportunities to money launderers to send these financial instruments out of the state for deposit into overseas or offshore account.Credit CardsOverpaying credit cards and keeping a steep balance in credit cards gives money launderers right of entry to these funds to purchase high value items or to change the credit balance into checks.CasinosIn this method cash may be taken to a casino to buy chips which can then be redeemed for a casino check.RefiningIn this method the money launderer exchange small denomination bills for larger ones and can be carried out by a person who change the bills at a number of various banks in order not to raise suspicion.Structuring SmurfingSmurfing is perhaps the most used money laundering method. In this method many peoples who deposit cash into bank accounts or purchase bank drafts in amounts under $10,000 value to avoid the reporting threshold.Currency Exchanges and Money Services Currency exchanges and Money s ervices render a service that enables peoples to exchange overseas currency that can then be transported out of the metropolis or country. Money can also be wired to accounts in other states. Other services provided by these businesses include the travelers checks, sale of money orders, and cashiers cheques.Asset Purchases with Bulk CashIn method of money laundering a money launderer may but high value items care cars, boats or other luxury items interchangeable electronics and jewelry. Money launderers will use these items but will infinite themselves by having them registered or bought in a companys name.Legitimate Business Individuals or criminal groups may invest or take over in businesses that usually handle a high cash transaction volume in order to mix the illicit moves with those of the legitimate business. Criminals may also buy businesses that receive cash payments, including bars currency exchange shops restaurants, night clubs, and vending machine corporations.Money l aunderer will then insert criminal funds as false income mixed with taxation that would not otherwise be adequate to maintain a legitimate business.Value TamperingMoney launderers may look for property owners who agree to sell their property, on paper, at a price below its veritable value and then accept the difference of the purchase price under the table. In this way, the launderer can, for example, purchase a $2 million dollar property for $1 million, while secretly passing the balance to the seller. after(prenominal) holding the property for a period of time, the launderer then sells it for its true value of $2 million. (Money Laundering A Preventive Guide)Loan BackIn this money laundering method a criminal furnishes an associate with a sum of illegitimate money and the associate makes the paperwork for mortgage or a contribute back to the criminal for the same amount, including all of the essential documentation.This makes a false impression that the criminals funds are le gitimate about our national security. (Electronic Money Laundering An Environmental Scan)Effects of Money LaunderingMoney laundering has far-reaching consequencesIt makes offense pay it allows drug traffickers, smugglers and other criminals to expand their operations. This drives up the cost of law enforcement and health care (e.g., treatment of drug addictions).It has the potential to undermine the financial community because of the sheer order of magnitude of the sums involved. The potential for corruption increases with the vast amounts of illegally obtained money in circulation.Laundering diminishes government tax revenue and therefore indirectly harms honest taxpayers and reduces legitimate job opportunities.Perceived ease of entry to our country attracts an undesirable element across our borders, degrading our quality of life and raising concernsThe key to control of international crime may depend on cutting off the flow of illegal profits to criminal organizations. It is es timated that $300 billion of dirty money may be laundered each year, its origin and ownership obscured as it passes through financial institutions and across national boundaries in an effort to hide and protect it from law enforcement authorities. Criminal organizations, like legitimate businesses, enjoy a swift and nearly risk free conduit for moving money between countries wire transfer systems. Illicit wire transfers are easily hidden among the 700,000 mostly legitimate wire transfers that occur daily in the United States, moving well over $2 trillion. (Information Technologies for the keep in line of Money Laundering)The OTA was asked by the Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations of the Senate Committee on Governmental Affairs to evaluate the proposed use of techniques derived from AI research to monitor wire transfer traffic and realize doubtful transfers. Furthermore, fully change computer screening of wire transfers was found to be almost impossible for some technical rea sons.Nevertheless, OTA analysts developed and assessed a number of alternative configurations of technology that, combined with obvious legal and institutional innovations, could greatly reform the capability of law enforcement agencies to discover and prosecute money launders seeking to exploit United States. In addition, wire transfer systems and financial institutions all of these suggested configurations entail some social costs and economic, including some possible declivity of financial privacy, strategies are proposed for minimizing these costs while improving the possible usefulness of IT in control of money laundering.Future of Money LaunderingCyber paymentsThe term cyber payments is just one of many used to describe systems which despatch the transfer of financial value (i.e., digital currency, e-money). In fact, these developments may alter the means by which all types of financial transactions are conducted and financial payment systems are operated. Such transactions may occur via the Internet or through the use of smart cards which unlike debit or credit cards actually contain a microchip, which stores value on the card. Some Cyber payments systems use both.E-CashThere are several systems of e-money. There are stored value cards such as MONDEX which is a rechargeable card (charged by putting it in a special slot in an ATM), and is both an access device and a self contained store of value. Further to this is Internet-based payment systems that use the Internets telecommunications capability to facilitate financial transactions with other users. The personal computer which serves as the users interface with the Internet payment system can also store value and is therefore, also an access device and self contained store of value.Morris-Cotterill (How Not To Be a Money Launderer, 1996) describes the Internet as being one of the sterling(prenominal) opportunities for laundering because of the total lack of traceable transactions, the use of encryp tion software will further make transactions totally secure.With the Internet, being connected to anywhere in the world is no problem and this will allow cross border movements of capital to take place. It remains to be seen whether money laundering managers take advantage of these new technologies to circumvent any legislation on other traditional laundering techniques (smurfing, wire transfers, bank drafts for example). It is however, a worry to the authorities. (International Money Laundering Information Bureau)Conclusion Money laundering may have shocking social consequences. Laundered funds furnish financial support for arms dealers, drug traffickers and other criminals to operate and expand their operations. Investigations disclose that criminals manipulate financial systems in Canada and other countries to support a broad range of illicit activities. For instance, drug trafficking alone generates millions of dollars in illicit funds for criminal organizations annually. Busine sses sanction by the proceeds from crime produce unfair arguing and can insolvent legitimate competition in the market.Works CitedDigital Currency Business E-Gold Indicted for Money Laundering and Illegal Moneyhttp//www.usdoj.gov/opa/pr/2007/April/07_crm_301.html Accessed, June 14, 2007Electronic Money Laundering An Environmental Scanhttp//ww2.ps-sp.gc.ca/publications/crim_jus/money_laundering_e.aspAccessed, June 14, 2007Farber Dave, (08 Dec 1995), IP Information Technology for fake of Money LaunderingInformation Technologies for the Control of Money Launderinghttp//stinet.dtic.mil/oai/oai?verb=getRecordmetadataPrefix=htmlidentifier=ADA336940Accessed, June 14, 2007International Money Laundering Information Bureauhttp//www.imlib.org/page13_future.html Accessed, June 14, 2007Money Laundering A Preventive Guidehttp//www.rcmp-grc.gc.ca/poc/launder_e.htm Accessed, June 14, 2007Money Laundering Extent of Money Laundering through Credit Cards is Unknown (July, 2002 ) Report to the Cha irman, Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations, Committee on Governmental Affairs, U.S. Senate, (page 1,2)Section 508 Definitionshttp//www.grc.nasa.gov/WWW/Purchase/Section_508_def.htm Accessed, June 14, 2007Shelley Louise (n.d.), Money Laundering, Organized Crime and Corruption